TOOLS FOR PLUMBING Part-4

 Wrenches                                                                                                                                                      These are hand tools that are used to tighten and Loosen nuts and bolts. wrench hold to loosen slippery or small nuts and bolts or is tightening them. Mostly, there are two types of wrenches Used-adjustable and non-adjustable. these are especially useful in case of odd shaped nuts and Bolts hold a pipe and pipe fittings to these tools screw or unscrew. This is a very common tool, Especially for small diameter pipes up to 50 mm.

Adjustable wrench

This type of wrench is used to loosen or tighten nuts and any odd and regular sized bolts. it is used for tighten and loosen valves, cocks, geysers, flexible pipe, etc. It is a good maintenance tool for repair Plumbing items like valves, cocks, pumps etc.

Water-pump plier

This is a common pliers used by plumbers for holding, Tightening and loosening work during the fixing process. Steel is used to make water-pumps Pliers These are only available in one standard size of 350 mm length. max width possible 40 mm between the two jaws.

Spanners

This tool is used to tighten and loosen nuts and Standard size bolts. The standard spanners used are:

Ring spanners

These spanners have complete circular closed rings on both sides ends. It is difficult to slip and damage. he has become Through the forging process, a burnt finish or a . with Chrome plating.

Open-ended spanners

This type of spanner is open from both the sides and Used to tighten and loosen nuts and bolts The open-ended jaw spanner slides through A nut or bolt with square or hexagonal ends. NS  The bolt or nut is then turned with the required force screw or unscrew. two jaws have two consecutive  Sizes such as 6mm and 7mm or 1/4″ and 5/16″, etc

Combination spanners

These spanners open and close at one end other.

Bi-hexagonal ring spanner 

It has a bi-hexagonal shape at both ends which is a . holds on Nut or bolt, whose end is square or hexagonal. The sizes of the two ends are consistently 6 mm and . Are like 7mm, 1/4″ and 5/16″, etc.

Cutting Tools

Tools that are used to cut pipes, fixtures and Bolts etc. are known as cutting tools. some of the The commonly used cutting tools are mentioned below.

Pipe cutter

It is a manual tool used for cutting pipe at work site, Especially when the hacksaw frame is difficult to use. This tool consists of a pointed, round cutting wheel that A pipe is pressed with rotary motion to cut.

Hacksaw

This tool is usually used with both hands. it stings Materials such as plastic pipes, steel rods, angle irons, sheets , iron pipes etc. It can also be used to cut bolts Head and nuts when jammed. important part The hacksaw consists of—handle, frame, blade, and adjusting wing nut . A hand operated hacksaw is used for site work, whereas A power hacksaw used in a workshop for cutting heavy pipe quick

Pipe bending tools

In most plumbing jobs, pipes are required to For bending at different angles as per requirement

Which pipe bending equipment is used. 

Pipe bending machine

This tool is used to bend or bend pipes.  Machine size and strength depend on the diameter of the pipe and the type of pipe material Bend. Mechanical or hand operated pipe bending Machines are available for 3/8– 1″ diameter pipe. For Higher grades, i.e., 1/2–2, 1/2–3, 1/2– 4″ and 2– 6″, Hydraulic hand operated machines are used

Threading dies

Threading is important for connecting pipes and fixtures Effectively. Threading die is used to make threads in a pipe where it is to be connected to another pipe or Stability.

Other Tools

In addition to the already mentioned holdings, fittings, cutting and bending tools, there are also many other tools Used in plumbing works .These are listed below.

Chisel

It is made of hard metal and is mostly used for cutting Making grooves in concrete surfaces and walls With the help of hammer.

Hammer

These are general purpose workshop hand tools that are used For straightening sections, riveting, striking of nails and inserting by poke, inserting the component Striking by keyways and fittings. hammer is of a head made of hardened and tampered steel, and a wooden handle. the head has a flat striking face and The other side is called Peen. peins are classified According to different shapes like ball peen, cross peen And straight up. hard hammer Steel is known as an engineer's hammer and is Commonly used when working with steel components. One kilogram hammer is most commonly used hammer.

Chain wrench

The common holding tools do not help much in case of large diameter pipes. For these, chain wrenches are used. A chain wrench consists of a toothed block, a handle, and a chain. series round,oval and Held on the jagged end of the block. holds the chain Held on the jagged end of the block. holds the chain  Pipe fittings and screw or unscrew. Chain The wrench is available in 3, 4, 6, 8″ and 12 Length 475mm, 585mm, 834mm, 1100mm and 1360 mm respectively. These sizes are specified by The maximum diameter of the pipe that it can hold.

Screwdriver

This tool is often used by plumbers to fit screws. Screwdrivers have a sharp tip that can fit eastly various screws. Different types of screwdrivers are used For different types of screw. different types of heads screwdriver used by plumbers.

 Files

These hand tools are used for a variety of work, like removing of sharp edges, metal removal, shaping of jobs, smoothening of surfaces, finishing, producing different shapes, etc. The file has five parts: tang, heel, face, edge and point or tip. Various types of files of different shapes like hand round, pillar, square, three square, half round, flat, knife edge and needle file are used as per the work.

 Pliers

They are important tools used to hold small objects And to tighten or loosen various parts. Many What kind of pliers does a plumber use during work? tongs Can also be used for cutting purpose. different size and sizes of pliers are available in the market.

Caulking tools

To fill the gaps in the wall, caulking devices are used. This tool helps to fill and remove the material building.

Drill machine

One of the common but important tools used to make A hole in a metal or wood, or solid surface.A drill machine is fitted with the cutting Tools like a drill bit. attachment is tightened with a key.

Safety precautions

Before installing the bit in a drill machine, It should be accelerated. key in the chuck, a part of  The drill machine used to tighten the drill bit should be removed after tightening.

Drill bits

These tools are used by whom to make cylindrical holes. cutting material. Bits are fitted into a device that rotates Make this another hole. For non-cylindrical shaped pores, special bits are used .

Hangers

The purpose of a pipe hanger is to hold or support a a slab, beam, roof, or pipe or a group of pipes other structural elements.

Measuring tape

It is used to measure the length of an object. Measuring tapes are manufactured in a variety of materials. such as steel, cloth and PVC. Available length range is one meter, two meter, three meter, five meter, 10 meters, 15 meters, etc.

Plumb rule and bob

This is a useful tool for ensuring verticality and uniformity. During the construction of walls, pillars and timber Frame like doors and windows. It also helps to level floor surface. It consists of a holding pipe, Thread and a plumb bob made of wood and metal.  With the plumb bob connected to the holding pipe Thread.

Spirit level

It is used to check the horizontality or levelling of the floor, roof, door, window frame, etc.

Trowel

It is used for mixing cement and sand for masonry work. It is used for plastering the surface

Spade

A spade is used for digging purpose and mixing Cement, sand and concrete. it has a flat form Made of steel with an eye hole to hold the wood to handle The size of a spade is specified by its width and plank length .

Shovel

It is also used for mixing and transporting concrete. Concrete for mortar pans. shovels are made of steel sheets. Size is specified by its length and width.

Pickaxe

It is made of steel and is used to excavate hard soil. One end of the pickaxe is flat whereas, the other end is sharp in design.

Mortar pan

It is used for carrying excavated material, cement Mortar, concrete, etc. it should never be used Measurement of mixed cement mortar, etc. mild steel The sheet is used to make mortar pans.

Mason’s square

It can be used outside and inside. is used to check the rectangularity of inner corner. It is made of carbon steel sheet Dimensions are also marked on both sides, either inches or centimeters.

Water level tube

This tube is used to check and transfer the water level, e.t.c. Water is poured inside the tube at the time of use. polyethylene tubes with a diameter of 10 to 15 mm, and different lengths are used according to the requirement.

Rover jumper

It is used for making a gap in the wall so that plumbing fixtures can be fixed.

Safety during work

For this the following precautionary measures can be taken:

Safe use of plumbing equipment.

1. Use the correct methods given in the ‘Instruction Manual of tools’ while using them.

2. Use the appropriate tools required for the specific work or job. For example, do not use pliers instead of a hammer; use only a hacksaw to cut.

3. Keep the tools in working condition and ensure the required maintenance.

4. Ensure that the necessary protective equipment are available.

5. Follow safety methods while using electrical wires.

6. Use kerosene oil for removing dust from rusty nuts.

7. Do not use tools without a handle as they may not give proper grip.

8. Remove burrs or stuck material from the head of the chisel and the edges of tools.

9. Wear safety glasses while using power tools like a drill machine.

10. Keep metal parts lightly lubricated.

11. Do not apply excessive pressure or force.

12. Inspect the tools regularly.

13. Use or wear safety gear (helmet, gloves, goggles, safety shoes, ear plugs, etc.